Parameter Description and Selection Points
The wastewater treatment capacity of a single unit is generally ≥ 10m ³/h, and the tower diameter and height are determined according to the design water volume. If the flow rate is too small, the thermal efficiency will decrease. It is recommended that small and medium-sized projects collect multiple streams of wastewater into a regulating tank for centralized treatment; Large scale projects can adopt multi tower parallel connection, with existing projects covering scales such as 15m ³/h (pesticide factory) and 8m ³/h (foreign-funded catalyst factory)
Select the technical route based on the processing target for equipment type: PYQT dual effect energy-saving steam stripping deamination (energy-saving, recycling concentrated ammonia water); Steam extraction distillation deamination (BUCT-SRAT, single effect, steam consumption of 150-180kg/ton of wastewater); Steam cycle coupled with dual effect evaporation (recovering ammonium sulfate). In the project, the selection can be based on water quality, site, and investment budget
The structural parameters of the tower are that the deamination tower is a plate tower or a packed tower; Theoretical number of trays: 10-18 for first effect towers and 8-15 for second effect towers, determined based on ammonia nitrogen concentration and treatment requirements; The tower diameter is determined by calculating the vapor-liquid load; Tower height 12-25m
Internal material of tower: 304/316L stainless steel tray/packing, 316L stainless steel distributor and demister
Heat exchanger selection: Plate heat exchanger or shell and tube heat exchanger; The area of the material inlet and outlet heat exchanger is calculated based on the flow rate and temperature difference. The cold side inlet water is at room temperature (~25 ℃), and the hot side tower kettle outlet water is ≥ 90 ℃; The tower top condenser is cooled by circulating cooling water. The material of the heat exchanger is 316L stainless steel or titanium, which is resistant to high temperature and high pH corrosion
The tower top condensation system is equipped with a tower top condenser, a secondary condenser, a reflux tank, and a reflux pump; The condensation temperature is controlled at 40-60 ℃, so that the ammonia containing steam condenses into concentrated ammonia water (10%~20%), and the non condensable gas (if any) is treated by tail gas absorption
Recycled ammonia solution with a concentration of 10% to 20% can be adjusted according to user needs, including reflux ratio and condensation temperature control
Steam consumption: The unit consumption of steam is generally 90-110kg/ton of wastewater, and the direct steam cost per ton of water is about 18-27 yuan (calculated at a steam price of 200 yuan/ton), which is 40% -45% lower than traditional steam stripping and deamination
The steam quality requirements are saturated steam with a pressure of 0.4~0.8MPa and a temperature of 150~175 ℃. If the boiler steam pressure is insufficient, a steam booster device needs to be added
The circulating cooling water flow rate of the cooling water system is calculated based on the tower top condenser and heat exchanger, with a cooling water supply temperature of ≤ 32 ℃ and a return water temperature of ≤ 40 ℃; Evaporation loss and discharge amount are approximately 1.5% to 2% of the circulation amount
The circulating cooling water flow rate of the cooling water system is calculated based on the tower top condenser and heat exchanger, with a cooling water supply temperature of ≤ 32 ℃ and a return water temperature of ≤ 40 ℃; Evaporation loss and discharge amount are approximately 1.5% to 2% of the circulation amount
Automatic control system PLC fully automatic control system, equipped with online pH meter (inlet/tower kettle), temperature sensor, pressure transmitter, flow meter, liquid level gauge and other instruments; Equipped with one click start stop, automatic adjustment of alkali solution dosage, automatic control of reflux ratio, remote monitoring and fault alarm functions
Material selection for main equipment (tower body, storage tank): 304 stainless steel or 316L stainless steel (resistant to high temperature and high pH corrosion); Heat exchanger: 316L stainless steel or titanium material; Process pipeline: 304 stainless steel or 316L stainless steel; Dosing system: UPVC/PE material resistant to alkali corrosion
Installation method: The vertical steel tower is fixed to the concrete foundation with anchor bolts, and the horizontal error of the equipment foundation is ≤ 2mm/m. The overall frame support is arranged; Large scale engineering equipment can be assembled on-site, while small and medium-sized projects can adopt a pry type integration to shorten the on-site installation cycle
If the by-product disposal adopts the sulfuric acid absorption process, the by-product ammonium sulfate solution can be concentrated and crystallized to make fertilizer; The remaining salt containing residual liquid needs to be disposed of according to environmental protection requirements, and the alkaline residue or sediment generated by the system should be cleaned regularly
Regularly inspect the scaling situation of the tower internals for maintenance and management (monthly inspection, depending on the hardness of the water quality); Regularly clean the heat exchanger to prevent scaling from affecting heat transfer efficiency; Calibrate online instruments to ensure automatic control accuracy; Replace vulnerable seals according to the equipment manufacturer's requirements
Following the standards GB/T 50014-2021 "Design Standard for Outdoor Drainage", GB 8978-1996 "Comprehensive Wastewater Discharge Standard", HG/T 20557-2019 "Technical Conditions for Stripping and Deamination Towers", HG/T 20559-2018 "Design Regulations for Process Systems of Chemical Plants", GB 150 "Pressure Vessels", and BUCT-DFAT Complete Technical Engineering Specification